Числительные - ПРАКТИЧЕСКИЙ СПРАВОЧНИК ПО ГРАММАТИКЕ - Задания 19-25 - ГРАММАТИКА И ЛЕКСИКА

Количественные числительные

Количественные числительные
1 — one	11 — eleven	10 — ten
2 — two	12 — twelve	20 — twenty
3 — three	13 — thirteen	30 — thirty
4 — four	14 — fourteen	40 — forty
5 — five	15 — fifteen	50 — fifty
6 — six	16 — sixteen	60 — sixty
7 — seven	17 — seventeen	70 — seventy
8 — eight	18 — eighteen	80 — eighty
9 — nine	19 — nineteen	90 — ninety
10 — ten	20 — twenty	100 — one hundred
101 — one hundred and one 1000 — one thousand
210 — two hundred and ten 5 000 000 — five million

Примечание: Перед существительным не ставится артикль, если за ним следует количественное числительное:

The address is given on page 15.

You should do exercise 26.

Порядковые числительные

Порядковые числительные (the)
1st — first	11th — eleventh	10th — tenth
2nd — second	12th — twelfth	20th — twentieth
3rd — third	13th — thirteenth	30th — thirtieth
4th — fourth	14th — fourteenth	40th — fortieth
5th — fifth	15th — fifteenth	50th — fiftieth
6th — sixth	16th — sixteenth	60th — sixtieth
7th — seventh	17th — seventeenth	70th — seventieth
8th — eighth	18th — eighteenth	80th — eightieth
9th — ninth	19th — nineteenth	90th — ninetieth
10th — tenth	20th — twentieth	100th— hundredth
101st — hundred and first
1000th — thousandth

3.1. Вставьте порядковые числительные и запишите их словами.

1. This is page 1. This is the _______ page.

2. This is flat 5. This is the _______ flat.

3. Where is chapter 10? Where is the _______ chapter?

4. He doesn’t remember page 20. He doesn’t remember the _______ page.

5. Book 2 is about travelling. The _______ book is about travelling.

6. He doesn’t understand lesson 9. He doesn’t understand the _______ lesson.

7. What picture is on page 21? What picture is on the _______ page?

8. She lives on floor 11. She lives on the _______ floor.

9. Let’s talk about chapter 8. Let’s talk about the _______ chapter.

10. What is the date on page 12? What is the date on the _______ page?

Прилагательные

Образование степеней сравнения прилагательных

Группы прилагательных	Степени сравнения прилагательных
	Положительная	Сравнительная	Превосходная
Односложные и некоторые двусложные прилагательные, оканчивающиеся на -у	прилагательное	прилагательное + -er	(the) прилагательное + -est
	cheap	cheaper	(the) cheapest
	Если прилагательное оканчивается на согласную, перед которой стоит одна ударная гласная, то согласная удваивается:
	big	bigger	(the) biggest
	Буква -y- после согласной на конце слова изменяется на -i-:
	happy	happier	(the) happiest
	Непроизносимая буква -e на конце отбрасывается:
	nice	nicer	(the) nicest
Остальные двусложные и многосложные прилагательные	прилагательное	more + прилагательное	(the) most + прилагательное
	expensive serious correct	more expensive more serious more correct	(the) most expensive (the) most serious (the) most correct
Исключения	good bad many/much little	better worse more less	(the) best (the) worst (the) most (the) least
	far	farther/further farther — дальше (по расстоянию); further — дальнейший, дополнительный	(the) farthest/(the) furthest farthest — самый далекий (по расстоянию); furthest — самый отдаленный (по времени и по расстоянию)
	old	older/elder older — старше; elder — старший (о членах семьи) (пример: мой старший брат)	(the) oldest/(the) eldest oldest — самый старый/старший; eldest — самый старший (о членах семьи)
	late	later	(the) latest/ (the) last latest — самый последний (=новейший) (пример: самые последние (свежие) новости); last — последний (по порядку), больше уже не будет (пример: последний поезд)

Употребление степеней сравнения прилагательных

Степень прилагательного	Употребляется с выражениями	Примеры
Положительная	as... as — такой же как not so (as)... as — не такой... как	Tom is as tall as Mike. Bill is not so tall as Mike
Сравнительная	than — чем the... , the... — чем..., тем... even — даже для выражения меняющейся ситуации it’s getting... — становится...	Sam is taller than Mike. The sooner, the better. That test was not easy. This one is even more difficult. In autumn, the days are getting shorter and shorter.
Превосходная	in my class — в классе in Russia — в России in the world — в мире of all — из всех I have ever seen — который я когда-либо видел I have ever read — которую я когда-либо читал Перед прилагательным в превосходной степени обычно употребляется определенный артикль the.	Sam is the tallest boy in my class. Everest is the highest mountain in the world. He is the smartest of all my friends. This is the most boring film I’ve ever seen. This is the best book I’ve ever read.

4.1. Напишите две степени сравнения следующих прилагательных.

1. cold

2. big

3. wonderful

4. happy

5. good

6. comfortable

7. easy

8. fat

9. bad

10. nice

11. new

12. expensive

13. hungry

14. hot

15. little

4.2. Напишите две степени сравнения следующих прилагательных.

1. cheap

2. far

3. hot

4. cheerful

5. pretty

6. red

7. noisy

8. terrible

9. late

10. bad

11. difficult

12. few

13. old

14. sleepy

15. thin

4.3. Употребите правильную форму прилагательного в скобках.

1. Your English is improving. It’s getting (good) and (good).

2. Who is the (famous) person in the world?

3. The meal cost (little) than I expected.

4. There are (few) public holidays in Great Britain than in other European countries.

5. This cartoon is (funny) than that one.

6. Who is the (good) student in the class?

7. It was an awful day. It was the (bad) day of my life.

8. Jane is two years (old) than Jack.

9. It is the (busy) time of the year.

10. I’d like to have а (big) car than my old one.

11. That’s the (far) I’ve ever run.

12. The exam was quite difficult — (difficult) than we expected.

13. Hard beds are (healthy) than soft ones.

14. She is the (slim) girl in our group.

15. What is the (late) news?

4.4. Употребите правильную форму прилагательного в скобках.

1. These cakes are probably (good) in the world.

2. I am (happy) than I have ever been.

3. The game will certainly be much (exciting) than it was last year.

4. For (far) information, please write to the above address.

5. I get on well with my (old) brother.

6. He did very badly in the exam — (bad) than I had expected.

7. He was (fat) man I had ever met.

8. This is (attractive) room in the whole house.

9. Our new house is (big) than the one we used to live in.

10. Jill can run as (fast) as Jack.

11. My brother has (much) money than I have.

12. This is (bad) weather so far this year.

13. Tom is (reserved) boy in this class.

14. Summer is (dry) period of the year.

15. ‘What time shall we leave? ’ ‘The (soon), the (good).’

4.5. Прочитайте текст и преобразуйте прилагательные, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами.

A lot of people travel nowadays. It’s not surprising because distances between countries are becoming (1) _________ due to the development of transport. The main forms of public transport are buses, trains, ships and aeroplanes. Each of them has its pros and cons.

Of course, air travel is (2)_ _________ than other means of transport. However, flying often involves delays and cancellations. You often spend (3) _________ time getting to and from the airport than actually flying. Besides, air travel is the (4) _________ form of modern transport. It could be said that flying is (5) _________ than other forms of public transport if you have to visit another country or continent. In other cases, it is (6) _________ to go by train.

Travelling by train is one of the (7) _________ means of travelling. First of all, it’s (8) _________ than travelling by air. Besides, modern trains are (9) _________ than in the past.

In my opinion, the (10) _________ way of travelling is travelling by ship, which is very exciting. If the weather is fine, you can relax on the large sun deck and enjoy the panoramic view of the sea.

SHORT

FAST

MUCH

EXPENSIVE

EFFICIENT

PRACTICAL

POPULAR

CHEAP

COMFORTABLE

GOOD

4.6. Прочитайте текст и преобразуйте прилагательные, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами.

Lots of people travel to New York because it is the (1) _________ city in the US. Perhaps, with all its suburbs, it is the (2) _________ city in the world. Moreover, it is one of the (3) _________ industrial cities in the country. Another reason for travelling is its sights. Some of the (4) _________ historic buildings are situated there. Some of the buildings in New York City are (5) _________ buildings in the whole world.

Now New York includes five boroughs: Manhattan, the Bronx, Queens, Brooklyn and Richmond. Manhattan is the (6) _________ in size but it is the heart and source of American policy. Perhaps, (7) _________ office buildings in the world are there.

The Bronx is a (8) _________ than industrial part of the city. Queens is both a residential and industrial area. New York’s two (9) _________ airports of all are both there. Brooklyn has (10) _________ people than any other part of the city — about 3,000,000. It is mostly a district of middle class people.

New York has the (11) _________ number of factories, the (12) _________ banks and corporations. It sends out many letters and receives the (13) _________ mail bags.

It is truly the (14) _________ business city.

New York is also called the cultural capital of the USA. There are a lot of museums in New York. One of the (15) _________ known is the Metropolitan Museum of Art. All in all, there are so many things to see in New York that it’s impossible to be bored there.

BIG

LARGE

IMPORTANT

OLD

HIGH

SMALL

EXPENSIVE

RESIDENTIAL

BUSY

MANY

GREAT

WEALTHY

HEAVY

FAMOUS

GOOD

Прилагательные, оканчивающиеся на -ing/-ed

Прилагательное с окончанием -ing употребляется, когда оно характеризует лицо или предмет:

This book is rather interesting.

The football match was really exciting.

Прилагательное с окончанием -ed употребляется, когда оно характеризует чьё-либо воздействие на лицо или предмет:

I was interested by the book.

We were excited by the results of the match.

4.7. Выберите правильное слово.

1. I’m (interesting/interested) in collecting stamps.

2. Everyone is (depressed/depressing) by the awful weather.

3. I think that airports are (exciting/excited) places.

4. I’m (tired/tiring). I think I’ll go to bed.

5. The journey was (exhausted/exhausting)!

6. It’s not (surprising/surprised) that she’s busy. She’s got six children.

7. The teacher was (annoying/annoyed) because I had forgotten to do my homework.

8. He loved that museum — he thought it was (fascinating/fascinated).

9. We went to the cinema but I was very (boring/bored) because I had seen that film before.

10. I like this monkey. It is very (amused/amusing).

4.8. Выберите правильное слово.

1. I was so hurt when he said I was (boring/bored).

2. He works very hard. It’s not (surprising/surprised) that he is always tired.

3. We were (shocking/shocked) when we heard the news.

4. I didn’t find the situation funny. I was not (amusing/amused).

5. The journey was really (exciting/excited). I enjoyed it.

6. I am not keen on golf. When I played it, I was really (boring/bored).

7. She has really learnt very fast. She has made (astonishing/astonished) progress.

8. Tom is very good at telling funny stories. He can be very (amusing/amused).

9. When we heard the news, we didn’t know what to do. The news was (shocking/shocked).

10. The weather forecast was (terrifying/terrified). The (worrying/worried) authorities cancelled the match.